FAQ
Frequently Asked Questions
Regarding the Group and its Activities

1. Introduction
2. How to obtain this FAQ.
3. What is the GEAE ?
4. Is GEAE a religious group ?
5. What does GEAE understand by "religious aspects" ?
6. In order to be part of the group, is one required to be a Spiritist ?
7. What is the essence of Spiritism ?
8. It was stated that Spiritism was codified by Allan Kardec. Does this imply the idea that it didn’t exist before ?
9. What is the difference between Spiritism and Spiritualism ?
10. By subscribing to GEAE, do I become a Spiritist ?
11- How do I subscribe to GEAE?
12 - What information is needed to subscribe to GEAE?
13 -For what purpose does GEAE use this information?
14 -Is there any fee to participate in GEAE ?
15 -  How does one participate in the group?
16 - What is GEAE editorial board ?
17- Are the GEAE’s Newsletters restricted to the members of the group?
18 - How do the members of the group receive the newsletters?
19 - May one uses the group’s addresses to send mails?
20 - What is the political afiliation of the group?
21 - Am I allowed to distribute copies of the newsletter through e-mail?
22 - Am I allowed to print copies of the GEAE’s newsletters and freely distribute it at the Spiritist group where I participate?
23 -  Am I allowed to publish articles and texts from GEAE’s newsletter and GEAE’s webpage in other Spiritist periodicals?
24 -  Am I allowed to publish the materials from the GEAE newsletter in periodicals not related to Spiritism?
25 - What about the use of the material available in the GEAE homepage?
26 - Is authorization required for the use of the Spiritist works on the Internet?
27 - How can I contribute to GEAE?
28 - What themes beside spiritism are studied in the group?
29 -  Are there any discussions regarding extraterrestrial life?
30 – Are there any discussions regarding miracles and witchcraft?
31 - How was GEAE born ?
32 - What is the origin of the name “GEAE” ?
33 - Besides GEAE are there other web pages regarding Spiritism ?
34 - And what about Spiritualist pages ?

1. Introduction 

This FAQ lists the most frequent questions regarding the Advanced Study Group of Spiritism. Its main purpose is to provide information in regard to the objectives and rules in order for one to participate in the group. These rules are directed to the members of the group, as well as to those interested in obtaining further information about it. It is also the aim of this FAQ to present some useful information concerning the themes discussed by the GEAE.

GEAE is open to suggestions and commentaries from the readers regarding this document, which can be sent to us through editor-en@geae.inf.br.

2. How to obtain this FAQ

On the GEAE page at http://www.geae.inf.br/en/faq.html.

3. What is the GEAE?

The Advanced Study Group of Spiritism-GEAE is a virtual nonprofit group devoted to the study of the Spiritist Doctrine in its multiple aspects and its relations with the different areas of the human knowledge. In order to achieve this goal, the group utilizes the Internet as a global communication channel which, through the group’s website, e-mail, newsletter, and discussions, brings together people from all around the world who are interested in the Spiritist Doctrine. All works provided by GEAE are the result of voluntary efforts.

4. Is GEAE a religious group? 

Not exactly. Amongst its goals are the unbiased study of all the aspects of Spiritism, Spiritualism and any newly discovered knowledge that is in accordance with the threefold aspects of the Spiritist Doctrine, which are: Science, Philosophy and Religion (the moral consequences taken from the Doctrine’s teachings).

5.  What does GEAE understand by "religious aspects"?

When we refer to the religious aspects of Spiritism, we want to emphasize the consequences of the Spiritist teachings, as well as its practical application in our everyday life. Our understanding regarding Religion is in accordance with the following statement of Léon Denis: “it is that general conception that from the innermost of our being elevates our thought to the culminant understanding regarding creation, reaching God, and unites all beings in an endlessly chain”.

Nevertheless, Spiritism cannot be seen as a religion in the formal sense that we are familiar with, because it has no organized clergy, nor does it adopt any religious rituals, objects, or other forms of worship such as: altars, images, candles, processions, sacraments, concession of indulgences, paraments, alcoholic or hallucinogenic beverages, incense, tobacco, talismans, amulets, horoscopes, pyramids, or crystals. The moral consequences of Spiritist teachings constitutes the content implied by the religious aspects of the Spiritist Doctrine.

6. In order to be part of the group, is one required to be a Spiritist?

No. The group is open to anyone that has the interest and the will to contribute to the group’s studies. It is not the purpose of the group to carry out any type of proselytism, nor to promote and support any kind of religious or philosophic polemic.

7. What is the essence of Spiritism?

In order to understand the basic principles of the Spiritist Doctrine, we recommend the reading of the following documents available on the GEAE homepage: Spiritism – What is it; Fundamentals; and The Spiritist Practice.

Moreover, to better know the Spiritist Doctrine in its entirety, the study of Allan Kardec’s works is highly recommended. These works are known as “The Codification” and represent the foundation of Spiritism. They are comprised of the following books:

The Spirits’ Book (1857)
The Mediums Book (1861)
The Gospel According to Spiritism (1864)
Heaven and Hell (1865)
Genesis (1868)

Furthermore, besides Allan Kardec’s works, the Spiritist Literature has many books translated into English, many of which are considered classics in this field. Among these, we specially recommend the books of the French writer Léon Denis, some of which are available in their entirety on GEAE’s homepage. It is part of the GEAE forum to provide or indicate worldwide sources of information regarding the Spiritist Doctrine, discussions about the basic works on Spiritism and analysis on new enterprises on the matter.

In a few words Allan Kardec outlined the basic principles of the Spiritist Doctrine, which represents the spiritist belief regarding faith and constitutes the instruments that will drive one towards progress, as follows:

"To believe in one GOD, all powerful, sovereignty just and good;
In the soul, its immortality and its preexistence as the justification for the present life;
In the plurality of existences as the mechanism of moral and intellectual improvement, reparation and atonement;
In the perfectibility of imperfect beings;
In the ever increasing happiness as the spirit strives to reach perfection;
In the equitable reward of the good and the evil according to the principle: each one will be recompensed according to his actions;
In the impartial justice for all with no benefit, privilege or exception to any creature;
In the duration of life’s expiation being diminished by the Spirit’s achievement towards perfection;
In the human freewill, which allows us to choose between good and evil;
In the continuity of the relations between the visible and the invisible worlds;
In the fraternity that binds all past, present and future beings, both incarnate and discarnate;
To sustain that life on Earth is a provisional stage of the spirit's life, which is eternal;
To bravely accept life's trials, since the future is more desirable than the present;
To practice charity by thoughts, words and deeds in the broadest meaning of the term;
To strive to each day become better than the day before, extricating imperfection from the soul;
To submit all beliefs to the review of reason and free examination, so as to accept nothing blindly;
To respect and to refrain from violating all sincere creeds no matter how irrational they may seem;
To recognize that all scientific discoveries are the unfolding of Nature’s laws, which are also God’s laws.

Such is the belief of Spiritism regarding faith, a religious concept that can be reconciled with all beliefs or different ways of worshipping God. This is the bind which will unite all Spiritists in a holy communion of thoughts, while one hopes it will unite all men under the banner of universal fraternity."

Many of the principles above represent indeed philosophical position instead of principles of faith. In fact, to believe

“In the equitable reward of the good and the evil according to the principle: each one will be recompensed according to his actions”,

does not give any hint about how Divine Justice is to be exercised among God´s creatures. Spiritism actually states that the idea of God´s justice has no possible connection to the ideal of justice ever dreamt of by the major philosophers and has nothing to do with the common notion of justice. Spiritism strongly and simply states that there is a justice that adds strength to the comforter character of the doctrine. The man who equates his notion of justice with that of God is naively trying to limit the very notion of God who is beyond every imaginable conception. On the contrary, as the being evolves toward perfection, it approaches God and little by little its conceptions of justice become closer but will never rival that of its Creator.

8. It was stated that Spiritism was codified by Allan Kardec. Does this imply the idea that it didn’t exist before?

Allan Kardec carried out the scientific research regarding the mediumistic phenomena, the analysis of the teachings delivered by the spirits and the withdrawal of philosophic and moral consequences implied by these teachings. His major contribution was to assemble this new knowledge together, building a Doctrine, which after careful study presents itself as a coherent system of thought which goes beyond the mere explanation of spirit phenomena.

In doing so he created the word “Spiritism” to denominate this system. He named this compilation of works regarding the Spiritist Doctrine “The Codification,” because it was fundamentally based on the Spirit´s contribution, which had to be "codified" into a system of thought. However, many of the fundamentals of Spiritism are found in other religions as, for instance, the idea of reincarnation, which takes a completely new interpretation from the point of view of Spiritism. Also, it could be said that Spiritism was the first systematization of principles that was able to show that life exists beyond death, even though this idea is common to all religious creeds (but not with the same importance).
In Spiritism the idea of an eternal being existing inside ourselves (the Spirit), and the idea of an all powerful being that created us (God) plays a fundamental role from which many of the subsidiary principles are derived.

9. What is the difference between Spiritism and Spiritualism? 

In the introduction of “The Spirits’ Book,” Allan Kardec explained the reasons as to why the words Spiritism and Spiritist were adopted; the former being employed to designate the doctrine taught by the spirits, and the latter to designate the adherents of the spiritist theory, as follows:

“For new ideas new words are needed, in order to secure clearness of language by avoiding the confusion inseparable from the employment of the same term for expressing different meanings. The words spiritual, spiritualist, spiritualism have a definite acceptation; to give them a new one, in order to apply them to the doctrine set forth by spirits, would be to multiply the causes of amphibology, already so numerous. Strictly speaking, spiritualism is the opposite of materialism; every one is a Spiritualist who believe that there is in him something more than matter, but it does not follow that he believes in the existence of spirits, or in their communion with the visible world. Instead, therefore, of the words spiritual, spiritualism, we employ, to designate this latter belief, the words spiritist, spiritism, which, by their form, indicate their origin and radical meaning, and have thus the advantage of being perfectly intelligible; and we reserve the words spiritualism, spiritualist, for the expression of the meaning attached to them by common acceptation. We say, then, that the fundamental principle of the spiritist theory, or Spiritism, is the relation of the material world with spirits, or the beings of the invisible world; and we designate the adherents of the spiritist theory as Spiritists." (A Kardec, In The Spiritis' Book, `Introduction to the study of the Spiritist Doctrine' part I)

For historical reasons, the word Spiritualist is related to the followers of the Spiritualist movement (also known as modern Spiritualism). The basis of the Spiritualist movement was laid down in the USA (where spirit communications first began – the Fox sister’s phenomena) and later in England and the basic foundation of both movements is essentially the same. However, there are many differences that in principle could be traced back to the cultural differences between France and England. Historically, Spiritualists did not incorporate the belief of reincarnation as an inevitable mechanism of spirit evolution. In Spiritism, however, reincarnation plays a fundamental role in the spirit’s evolutionary process.  Every human being has a spirit that evolves in accordance to the principle of reincarnation. Spiritualists denied this idea since in many spirit communications numerous spirits reported no memory of past lives. To his own surprise, the spirits that guided Kardec in his quest to better acquaint himself with the revelation of the new world insisted in reaffirming the notion of reincarnation. Epistemologically we say that reincarnation is required to provide the internal consistency which makes Spiritism a successful theory of the spiritual world.

Today the widespread acceptance of the principle of reincarnation has received considerable attention by many scientists and researchers who, working in the so called past life research, have confirmed the idea proposed by Spiritism for almost 150 years.

10. By subscribing to GEAE, do I become a Spiritist?

No. Nothing will prevent that the ideas discussed by the group will drive you to study Spiritism more deeply. Nevertheless, you will probably amplify your ideas in regard to the matter of faith and henceforth you will be led to a better understanding of your own beliefs. Spiritism does not consider itself as the only true image of the world. No privileges or prerogatives are given to their believers. Spiritism only proposes a rational way to answer many old questions of humankind such as: what are we? Where do we come from? Why are we here? Where are we going?

What characterizes a true spiritist is the way he lives, that is to say, in accordance to the postulates of the doctrine, accepting the fact that we are beings living in this Planet for a short time, with the aim of educating ourselves and bearing in mind that the unique determinism is the permanent improvement of the immortal soul. As Allan Kardec stated:

“The true spiritist is not one who believes in its manifestations, but he who profits from the teachings given by the spirits. It is useless to believe if this faith does not make one progress positively and also do the utmost for one's fellow creatures.”

11- How do I subscribe to GEAE?

Through the group´s website - http://www.geae.inf.br. The subscription to the newsletters editions in Portuguese, English and Spanish must be done separately following  the specific links to each one.

12 - What information is needed to subscribe to GEAE?

Name, address, telephone, e-mail address and profession.
13 - For what purpose does GEAE use this information? 

  Thee-mail address is necessary for the distribution of the newsletter. Name, address, telephone and profession gives us a general idea about the subscribers, such as their geographic distribution, the rate of subscribers, etc. They may also be used for statistic purposes. This information is not published, nor is it given to anyone outside the group´s editorial board.

14 -Is there any fee to participate in GEAE?

No. As stated in question 3, the group is a nonprofit organization and does not charge any kind of fee or ask for any contribution. If anyone attempts to charge a fee or request a donation, please let us know.

15 -  How does one participate in the group?

Sending contributions such as texts, commentaries or queries to the group´s editorial board. These materials are published in the newsletter and delivered to all participants. Our site also allows you to announce events as well as to participate in activities promoted by Spiritist organizations worldwide. Please send all contributions to: editor@geae.inf.br.

The GEAE’s newsletter is also published in different languages, such as Portuguese (Boletim GEAE) and Spanish (Mensajero Espírita).

Any e-mail sent to the aforementioned addresses generates an automatic reply confirming its reception. The reply lists the rules adopted by the GEAE’s Editor board (17), which regulates texts and other material publications in the multi-language newsletters.

16 - What is GEAE editorial board ?

It is a group of persons amongst the members of the GEAE who are responsible for the material edition, posting of messages on the web, maintenance of the group website, and the newsletter distribution.

Currently the GEAE’s editorial board is composed of:

Ademir Luiz Xavier Junior (Campinas - SP, Brazil)
Carlos Alberto Iglesia Bernardo (São Paulo - SP, Brazil)
José Cid (Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil)
Raul Franzolim Neto (Pirassununga-SP, Brazil)
Antonio Leite (New York, NY, USA)
Edgar Crespo (St. Petersburg - FL, USA)
Renan Lacerda (New York, NY, USA)

Renato Costa (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil)
Yvonne Limoges (St. Petersburg - FL, USA)
Juan Miguel (Málaga - Spain)
 
 

The criteria for the edition of the newsletters follows the general guidelines presented in questions 21-26.

17-  Are the GEAE’s Newsletters restricted to the members of the group?

No.  The newsletters are available for the public on the GEAE website.

18 -  How do the members of the group receive the newsletters?

The GEAE’s newsletters are delivered by e-mail to all GEAE’s participants.

19 - May one uses the group’s addresses to send mails?

No. The group policy  is to maintain all the discussions and contributions restricted to the newsletter or the GEAE website. This way, there is no external access to the private member addresses. The GEAE’s goal is to maintain a forum of study, where the high level discussions are directed to their real objectives. Therefore, the only requirement of the group´s members is politeness and respect towards everyone’s opinion and points of view.
20 - What is the political afiliation of the group?

None. The group is fully neutral regarding any political partisanship. It will promote the analysis of facts or situations related to this field only when they affect or are related to the Spiritist Doctrine. It is not the purpose of the group to proselytize any political parties or any discussion regarding its programs or candidates.

21 -  Am I allowed to distribute copies of the newsletter through e-mail

Yes, althought it is not recommended. Besides presenting you with an unnecessary task that is already performed by GEAE, it will add difficulty in evaluating the GEAE’s growth and development.
22 - Am I allowed to print copies of the GEAE’s newsletters and freely distribute it at the Spiritist group where I participate? 

Yes, you may, so long as you mention the source of the newsletter and not associate this distribution with any kind of charge, fee, fundraising or financial contribution.

23 – Am I allowed to publish articles and texts from GEAE’s newsletter and GEAE’s webpage in other Spiritist periodicals?

We have adopted the rule of analyzing the requests that are made to us and authorize the use of such texts, so long as its author places no restrictions to this concession. The materials published in the newsletter are destined to discussion and study in the GEAE’s forum, and its authors have the right to restrict the distribution of their writings. There are also situations in which the group receives authorization to use materials specifically for the group discussions on the website. In order to distribute such material, the group requires authorization from the author.

24 – Am I allowed to publish the materials from the GEAE newsletter in periodicals not related to Spiritism?

Generally, we follow the same rules described in question 23, also taking into consideration whether or not such material was request for the purpose of study and for mutual understanding among the various philosophic and religious mainstreams. GEAE does not aim to promote or participate in any type of polemic, dispute or confrontation.

25 - What about the use of the material available in the GEAE homepage? 

The same rules mentioned in questions 23 and 24 apply. We recommend you get in touch with us, at which point we will analyse your request regarding the use of the material. If necessary, we will consult the authors who authorized us for the publication of the material.

26 - Is authorization required for the use of the Spiritist works on the Internet

The dissemination of the teachings of Spiritism is one of the contributions that we will give to the Spiritist Doctrine. However, we should not forget that Spiritist works such as texts, articles, books, etc., are the result of the effort of their authors, either in the spiritual or in the material plane. When law does not protect these materials, their copyrights will deserve our respect. Therefore, besides being a requirement, it is only fair and respectful that the authors of these works should be consulted for authorization of their works.
It is also worth mentioning that in many cases the funds raised by the commercialization of these works helps support many institutions in their social activities. For this reason it is quite understandable that some of them impose restrictions to the use of the material, which constitutes a way of accomplishing their tasks.

27 – How can I contribute to GEAE?

Besides general comments and observations related to the GEAE forum, you may send texts connected to the themes that are being studied, indicating the sources and respecting the copyrights as follows:

Your own texts about themes studied by the group;
Texts from others along with their authorization for publishing and/or indication about their original source;
Texts from other spiritist or spiritualist institutions that are not subject to copyrights but with the indication of their original source.
Also relevant to the group’s aims are:

Addresses of other spiritist organizations that you know.
Notices about events related to the Spiritist Doctrine or to the studies of the group;
Information about recently created periodicals or spiritists publications.

28 - What themes beside spiritism are studied in the group? 

There are no specific limitations for the themes that can be studied or proposed for study at GEAE. In its triple aspects - scientific, philosophic and religious - Spiritism touches every field of the human knowledge. Restrictions of study are set by the approach used to address the themes.
For example, it is of immediate interest to the group to debate what various philosophies say about the afterlife. It is not our purpose however to ignite any kind of controversy among these various philosophical groups nor to gain their adherents.

29 – Are there any discussions regarding extraterrestrial life?

The plurality of the inhabited worlds is accepted by the Spiritist Doctrine as one of its fundamentals (as stated in "The Spirit´s Book" published in 1857). Therefore, the study regarding the possibility of the Earth being visited by extraterrestrials is not completely discharged by the group´s member. This theme however does not constitute a specialty of Spiritism.

30 – Are there any discussions regarding miracles and witchcraft?

Spiritism is an open movement of thought but does not accept any kind of world image in which Nature’s laws could be derogated, nor do Spiritists believe in supernatural powers (which are defined as transcending the human capacity of explanation). The course of action adopted by the group is the study of facts and phenomena related to the human experience as incarnate (living in the material world) or discarnate (living in the spirit world) beings, which is identical to the course of action adopted by Spiritism. Through these studies we seek to better understand and systematize (in a language better suited to the human mind) the laws regulating the relation between the material and spirit worlds. From this point of view, there is no such thing as supernatural forces. They are but only phenomena subjected to the natural laws of the universe, whose existence and influence was up until recently unknown.

31. How was GEAE born?

The first registered activity of the group was in October 15th, 1992. On that occasion Raul Franzolin Neto started a discussion group in the USA regarding the Spiritist Doctrine using electronic messages. The first message announced the creation of a list, which was distributed through the Bras.net list. Since then, the GEAE newsletters have been distributed in a regular basis, and the number of subscribers never ceases to grow. When Raul returned to Brazil (July 1993), José Cid, who was living in the USA, was given responsibility over the distribution of the newsletter. After José Cid returned to Brazil, an editorial board was established in order to assume responsibility for the GEAE activities.

We would like to list the most important stages in the history of GEAE, and its efforts to disseminate the teachings of Spiritism in the Internet:
 

October 

1992

GEAE was created by Raul Franzolim who at the time was living in the United States.

October

1994

Distribution of the Portuguese newsletter began at Bras.net

November

1994

Distribution began via the Lista Espiritismo

November

1994

Spiritist institutions database was established

April

1995

Official launch of the GEAE website, which was created by Sergio Freitas and hosted by the New Lisbon University (Portugal).

May

1995

The FEESP (Spiritist Federation of the State of São Paulo) authorized GEAE to use its books in electronic format. 

August

1995

One of the UNICAMP’s (State University of Campinas) Spiritist web page adds GEAE as a mirror. 

February

1996

O Clarim’s International Spiritist Magazine is published in HTML format. 

February

1996

In cooperation with Ed. Lachâtre, IDE and O Clarim, GEAE launches a project named Entrevistas eletrônicas (Electronic Interviews).

March

1996

The first Electronic Interview was released and Hermínio C. Miranda was the first to be interviewed.

June

1996

José Cid creates the Editorial Council of GEAE.

September

1996

Raul Franzolim presents GEAE at the II Simpósio Espírita de Comunicação Social (2nd Spiritist Forum of Social Communication).

October

1996

At its 4th year of activity, GEAE reaches a number of 870 participants distributed throughout 24 countries.

December

1996

The Spirit’s Book is published by FEESP in HTML format.

October

1997

At its 5th year of activity, GEAE reaches a number of 1264 participants distributed throughout 26 countries.

November

1997

Ademir Luiz Xavier Jr. joins GEAE’s Editorial Council with the task of building the English web page of GEAE.

December

1997

GEAE releases their first English newsletter:  "The Spiritist Messenger".

March

1998

The GEAE web page is self-hosted and registered at the domain geae.org.

August 

2000

GEAE launches the electronic books project, uploading to its page some classic works regarding the Spiritist Doctrine, starting with Francisco de Paula Candido Xavier’s (medium) Astral City.

December

2000

Antonio Cunha Lacerda Leite joins the Editorial Council of GEAE.

January

2001

The first Spanish newsletter (Mensajero Espírita) is released. This newsletter is edited by Carlos Alberto Iglesias Bernardo and with the help of friends from Málaga (Spain), Juan Miguel and his wife Conchi.

September

2001

GEAE’s website faces technical difficulties and is rendered inoperable for several weeks, which caused GEAE to promptly decide to switch provider.

October

2001

A new host is selected and GEAE initiates the reconstruction of the website.

November

 2001

 José Cid registers a new domain for GEAE - http://www.geae.inf.br

December 

2001

 GEAE activities resume.

June
2003
Renato Costa joins GEAE’s Editorial Council with the task of helping in the edition of the English newsletter (The Spiritist Messenger) and in keeping the English web page of GEAE updated.

32. What is the origin of the name “GEAE”?

To better answer this question it would be appropriate to use the words of GEAE founder Raul Franzolin Neto:

"At the time of the group’s debut, (October 1992) I decided to send a message to the Bras-net list asking for someone interested in talking about Spiritism. But how would I go about doing that?

With the best of my intentions I asked for guidance from the spiritual plane and for a few days I thought about how I would accomplish such a task. Instead of sending a question, I decided to send a message proposing the creation of a discussion group whose main objective was studying Spiritism. At the time, the Bras-net forum goers were involved in aggressive discussions, so I knew I had to send something clear and well organized in order to attract the right people.

In the beginning I had little experience with the e-mail system. However I soon realized the magnitude and the importance that this new communication system would represent in the future by placing people in contact with others from around the globe at such a low cost. There was nothing more advanced in terms of information interchange in the world. Furthermore, I notice that Bras-net was an Internet forum for scientists, researchers, professionals, teachers and students. Knowing that Spiritism is a dynamic subject that touches every field of human knowledge, I soon realized that we could create a group that, although humble in its objectives, could hold advanced discussions in every aspect related to Allan Kardec’s codification (Spiritist Doctrine).

That was the origin of the name GEAE, or Advanced Study Group of Spiritism. Obviously, the word Advanced was not implying the idea that we were only looking for experts in the field of Spiritism, for such experts do not exist. The idea behind the use of the word Advanced was connected to the media (the web) with which we would fulfill the group’s aims. In order to achieve the group’s goals, we should be open-minded and tolerant in seeking knowledge about the ethical, scientific and religious aspects of life, which most straightforwardly leads to eternal happiness. I believed that if we managed to establish the group, GEAE would constantly spread and always increase in accordance to our belief that evolution is infinite and that no one can halt it.”

33. Besides GEAE are there other web pages regarding Spiritism?

Today there are thousands of pages about Spiritism on the Internet. A few sites that we recommend are the International Spiritist Council, the Brazilian Spiritist Federation (FEB) and the Spiritist Group of New York.

34. And what about Spiritualist pages?

There are also many websites about Spiritualism as well. If you are interested in Spiritualism, we recommend the Spiritualist National Union and NSAC.org.